Dutch liability law is a crucial aspect of the Dutch legal system, governing the circumstances under which individuals or entities can be held accountable for harm or damage caused to others. We have an in-depth knowledge of liability law in the Netherlands and its various components, including Dutch tort law, contract law in the Netherlands, and Dutch product liability. Whether you are a legal professional, business owner, or an individual seeking to understand your rights and responsibilities under Dutch law, we would be happy to provide you with valuable insights into the world of liability law in the Netherlands.
The Netherlands follows a civil law system, which is based on written codes and statutes, as opposed to the common law system, which relies on case law and judicial precedent. Dutch law is primarily influenced by the Napoleonic Code and the German Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB), as well as European Union (EU) legislation and international treaties.
Liability law in the Netherlands is primarily governed by the Dutch Civil Code (DCC), which is divided into several books. Book 6 of the DCC deals with obligations and contracts, while Book 7 covers specific contracts.
The key principles of Dutch liability law can be broadly categorised into three main areas: tort law, contract law, and product liability.
Tort Law in the Netherlands
Tort law in the Netherlands, also known as the law of delict, governs situations where an individual or entity causes harm or damage to another party, outside the context of a contractual relationship. In the Netherlands, tort law is primarily regulated by Article 6:162 of the DCC, which establishes the general principle of unlawful act liability.
To establish liability for an unlawful act, the following elements must be proven:
Unlawful act: The defendant must have committed an act that is considered unlawful, such as causing harm to another person, violating someone’s rights, or breaching a statutory duty.
Fault or negligence: The defendant must have acted with fault or negligence, meaning that a reasonable person in the same situation would have acted differently to prevent the harm or damage.
Causation: There must be a causal link between the defendant’s unlawful act and the damage suffered by the claimant.
Damage: The claimant must have suffered actual harm or loss as a result of the defendant’s unlawful act.
Relativity: The violated norm must aim to protect the claimant against the type of damage suffered.